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Topic “TAP72”
List of common synonyms
Some common synonyms:
| Woman | Lady |
| Road | Street |
| Rug | Mat |
| Flower | Bloom |
Understand and use ordinals (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc)
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Write it Writing materials |
| This works best 1:1. Use this activity only with a child who can read and write. With children with less good literacy skills, you will need to talk about what you are going to focus on, but miss out the written support. With children who can cope with larger numbers, you might want to go beyond 10, be careful to explain how numbers such as 21st, 22nd and 23rd are formed. |
| Line up None | This works best with a class or group. You may want to focus more on the front of the line. | |
| PE Equipment as required by the PE activity | This works best with a class. | |
| Small World Small world equipment, including several ‘people’. | This works best 1:1. This activity is more suited to younger children. | |
| Actions Equipment as required by the actions. Visual prompt cards if required. | This works best 1:1 or with a small group. Make sure you stress words such as “first”, “second” etc. Bear in mind the child’s auditory memory – the more instructions you give, the harder it will be to remember them. |
Intermediate Listening Games
Intermediate listening games for groups.
Harder listening games
| Activity name and materials required |
use adjectives to describe and classify objects
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Classify the object 1
| 1. Decide on a common category e.g. "things which are round" or "things which are red". 2. Help the child to sort the items into 2 groups according to whether they fit the category or not (i.e. a 'red' group and a 'not red' group). | |
| Classify the object 2 A selection of common objects (you could use pictures instead) 2 sorting rings (draw two overlapping circles on a large sheet of paper if these are not available)
Category labels (optional) | 1. Decide on two common categories e.g. "things which are round" and "things which are red". 2. Place the sorting rings on the table so that they overlap. 3. Explain that one ring is for items that have one feature (e.g. "round"). Explain that the other ring is for items that have the other feature (e.g. "red"). Explain that where the rings overlap, is where things that have both features go (see diagram on the left). Items which do not fit either category are left outside the rings. 4. Add labels if you are using them. 5. Help the child to sort the items into groups according to which category they fit. | To make this activity more difficult, you could sort according to three categories. |
| Spider chart
| Example of a spider chart:
| |
| What's in the bag?
| ||
| Nicknames No materials required | Works well as a group activity - could be used as an ice-breaker. | |
| I spy adjectives No materials required. | ||
| Books
|
sort items by property and function
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Categories Challenge Picture cards. These can be related to class topic vocabulary | Have each adult and child in the group take it in turns to make the cards into 2 groups (or 3 if necessary). The cards in each group must all share a property or a function e.g. made of metal / transport (encourage the children not to base their groups purely on appearance). Write down the categories that are thought of, so that the children can review them. | This is a very flexible activity, which can be used for a very wide range of vocabulary. If the children can read, you could use written words rather than pictures. |
| Shopping List Flash cards with possible properties and functions written on them (e.g. hard, rough, things you wear, things you use to cut with, things you can read, etc.) A dice | If 6 items is too challenging, use a 1 - 3 dice. You could also extend the activity by having the other children in the group add more items to a group. You could stick the flash card into a notebook, and write / draw each item that is thought of around it. Each time you do the activity you will be building up a bank of words linked into categories. | |
| Add One Assorted picture cards. (They can be linked to class topic vocabulary. Make sure there are cards from a range of different categories) | This activity should only be used with vocabulary items the children are familiar with. When the children have a number of cards, it will be easier if they can make more than 3 groups. If they are finding it challenging, remove the time pressure. This means that each child has as long as they need to make 2 or 3 groups. When each child has finished, everyone then takes an additional card. | |
| Semantic Links This activity requires the purchasing of a commercial programme. SLTs/specialist teachers - help to further develop this sheet by providing an example or description of alternative resources to use in this activity. Worksheet from Semantic Links programme - available from Stass Publications Choose one with 3 choices. |
Developing the skills to understand and express different emotions
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Talking about different emotions - Photographs of different people showing different emotions - you could get these from magazines, newspapers or by internet search. - Emotion symbols - click here to print. - Paper and pens | 1. Look through the photographs together - talk about what feelings or emotions the person is showing - you may have different answers from each other. Talk about why they may be showing emotions. 2. Can you match the symbols to the emotions. Talk about the differences you notice in peoples' faces. 3. Can you think of times when you felt this emotion - use the paper and pens to write this down. Compare your experiences. | You may want to start with basic emotion words such as happy, sad, cross and excited, before introducing more complex emotion words. |
| Feeling Dictionary - Exercise book/note pad/sheets of paper - Emotion symbols - click here to print. You can draw your own if you prefer. | Definitions: Happy: This is when I feel good about something. I might smile or laugh. Sad: This is when I don't feel good about something. I might cry. I might show I feel this way by being cross. Angry / cross: This is what I feel when something is not fair, or is bad. I might feel like shouting or punching or doing something to someone. Bored: This is when I'm not interested in what is happening, and just want it to finish. I might sigh, or lean my head on my hand. Upset: I might feel like this when something is not fair, or when someone is unkind. I might cry, or feel like shouting. Frightened / scared: This is what I might feel if I don't know what is happening, or if I am unsafe. I might cry, or scream, or just try not to move. I might want to find someone I know, like my mum or my teacher. Surprised: this is what I feel when something good happens that I didn't expect. I might smile, open my eyes wide, and say something like 'wow'! Excited: This is what I feel when I know something good is going to happen soon. I might smile, move around, and keep thinking about what is going to happen. | |
| If you're happy and you know it... - Emotion symbols (click here to print)or feelings Dictionary (see above) - Time-line of a day | You could choose a different feeling each day to work through the timeline. You could also display the timeline, and encourage the child / children to identify how they are feeling at different parts of the day. |
Appropriate touch and proximity
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Proximity game | Have the children stand facing each other in pairs. Tell them to walk forward until they feel they're the right distance away. Discuss how close you can be to others. | Don't let it turn into a boisterous ' bumping into each other game' |
| Brainstorm Photos of familiar people e.g. adults leading the group, class teacher/s, head teacher, all children in the group, other children from the children's class/es, etc. photos of unfamiliar people e.g. child, baby, man, woman, police officer, shopkeeper/ market stall holder, bus driver, person at ticket booth at station etc. - from Flash-pro or internet image search | ||
| Colouring activity Outline drawing of the body e.g. from "pictures, please" or "language steps" for each child red and green pens/pencils | It's ok if children colour different areas, as they may feel differently about being touched e.g. most girls will say they don't want to be touched on their chests, but boys may say it's ok |
Adjust language in different social contexts
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| What you would say Photos of familiar people e.g. adults leading the group, class teacher/s, head teacher, all children in the group, other children from the children's class/es, etc. Photos of unfamiliar people e.g. police officer, shopkeeper/ market stall holder, bus driver, person at ticket booth at station etc. - from Flash-pro or internet image search. Comment suggestion cards: comment cards can say things like: Hello Hi, mate How old are you? What's your name? How are you? What do you want? Please can you be quiet Shut up Get out of the way! Get lost! Can you help me, please? Good morning Excuse me Oi, you! Are you a boy or a girl? Alright? | 1. Put the photos where the children can see them and check they can identify who every one is. 2. Have a child pick a comment card and decide which people they could say it to and which people they couldn't 3. children can suggest other comments |
Say how you would feel in situations
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| How would you feel if?: - Pictures/photos of different emotions - a printable set of emotion cards are available here. | 1. Print and cut out the resources. 2. Introduce the activity by having a quick discussion of how it's fine if different people feel differently about the same situation. 3. Take turns to choose a situation card and discuss it together. See if you can match how you would feel to the emotions symbols or pictures. 4. Some children may be able to explain why they'd feel that way e.g. "I'd be scared if I saw a spider because I don't like them'. | Reinforce the idea that there's no 'right' answer. |
Activities to help develop understanding and use of the words 'left' and 'right' on own body
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Prompt poster Sheet of paper (A4 size or larger) Pens/ pencils/ crayons etc. | 1. Explain that it can be difficult to tell which is your left hand and which is your right, but that there are some things we can do to help us. 2. Encourage the child to put out their hands palms downwards, with the fingers together and the thumbs extended at right angles. 3. Encourage the child to look for a capital "L" formed by the index finger and thumb. This will be on the left hand. Explain that the one on the right is backwards. 4. Help the child to draw round each hand with their thumb extended, with both hands on the same piece of paper. Help the child to write the words "left" and "right" on the correct hand shape. 5. Help the child to write a large capital L shape on the left hand following the index finger and thumb. Use a contrasting colour to do this. 6. Ask the child to draw a pen or pencil beside the hand they write with. If the child is right handed, you can remind them that "your right hand is the hand you write with; your left hand is the one that is left". This does not work for left-handed children. 7. If possible, ask the child to identify something visual to help tell their left or right hand and draw it on their poster. This could be their watch or a freckle, for example. | When it's finished, put the poster in a visible place to act as a prompt for the child. You may need several copies if the child works in different locations. Remind the child to use their strategy to tell which is left and which is right when they get stuck. |
| Following instructions Object with a distinctive look and feel (I use a painted wooden egg) Blindfold (optional) | You can give tactile feed back if the child is struggling to tell right and left. Touch them gently, but firmly on the right arm and say, "this is right". Touch them gently, but firmly on the left arm and say, "this is left". Understanding "left" and "right" on someone else is more difficult. To make it easier, make sure the child giving the instructions is following the child to whom they are giving instructions so that "left" and "right" for both children is the same. If the child giving instructions stays still then this is a much harder task - this equates to working at Level 3 (8 to 9 year old typical development). |
pupils use words left and right on objects in front of them
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Put it there One large object such as a toy bus, house etc. Several smaller objects e.g. toy animals Prompt cards saying "left" and "right" | 1. Put the large object in the centre of the table in front of the child. 2. Ask the child to identify the left side and the right side. Help if necessary. 3. Put the "left" and "right" prompt cards to the left and right of the object. 4. Give the child instructions such as "put the lion to the right of the bus" 5. Swap roles so that the child has a chance to give the instructions. 6. When the child is fairly proficient at carrying out the activity with the prompt cards, try the activity with no prompts. | The child should be able to understand and refer to left and right when talking about their own body first (see "understand and use words left and right on own body"). You should sit next to the child so their left/right is the same as your left/right. Note: if you are sitting opposite the child and want them to refer to your left and right this is a more difficult task: this equates to working at Level 3 (8 to 9 year old typical development). |
| "Draw it" barrier activity Paper Pens Cards with pictures of two items drawn next to each other, e.g. car and cat, tree and house | ||
| Matching pairs Matching pairs cards. Visual prompt for left, right, up and down like this: ↑ up ←left right→ down ↓ | Sit next to the child so that your left is the same as their left. Note: if you are sitting opposite the child and want them to refer to your left and right this is a more difficult task: this equates to working at Level 3 (8 to 9 year old typical development). Use an appropriate number of pairs for the age and ability of the child. If the child struggles with giving instructions using up/down, put the cards in one long horizontal line and work only on "left" and "right". Vary your starting point so the child has the opportunity to use all the direction words. You can use the words further and nearer instead of up and down, if it is more appropriate, but you must be consistent in which word you choose. |
recognise vocabulary for basic number operations
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Calculation Lotto Duplicate the resource if there are more than 2 players. Cut up the calculation cards. Some children will need some visual prompts to help them remember what the mathematical vocabulary means. | 1. Each child has a Lotto base board with the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division symbols. 2. Put the calculation cards face down in a pile. 3. Each player picks a calculation card from the pile and matches it to the appropriate symbol on their base board. 4. If a player can't use a calculation card because they have used up all their spaces then they return the card to a discard pile in the middle and miss their turn. 5. Other players can choose to take a card from the top of the face-down pile or from the pile of cards discarded by other players. 6. The winner is the player to cover their board first. | Use a visual prompt initially, prompting players to find the words on the prompt and match them to the symbols. Take this prompt away when children become familiar with the words. You can make the game more challenging by asking children to give the answers to the simple calculations on the cards. |
Activities to develop vocabulary through the use of synonyms
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| What are synonyms? - synonym picture cards and words - click here to print - You could also make up some of your own picture/word cards - click here for word list. | 1.Cut out the picture cards and word cards. Explain to your child that you are going to talk about "synonyms". 2. Explain that the word 'synonym' means two different words that have the same meaning. 3. Give an example of a common synonym e.g. 'woman' and 'lady'. Show the picture card and the two written words. 4. See if you can match all the words to the correct pictures. | |
| Find it! Thesaurus Activity - Thesaurus | You could create your own dictionary of key words by collecting the sheets together and making them into a book. This could then be used as a reference for writing. Focussing on new words that are being introduced as part of a topic would be helpful. This will help increase your child's understanding of the topic and increase the vocabulary they are able to use to discuss their learning. |
predict infer and analyse from pictures and text
| Activity/strategy name and materials required | How to do the activity | Key principles for doing the activity and comments |
|---|---|---|
| Everyday situation with words and a picture A picture of an everyday event, or social setting e.g. crossing the road, or going to the cinema. A story to go with the picture (no more than 5 or 6 sentences). Or See the resource sheets in 'Language for Thinking' (LfT) by Parsons and Branagan (Published by Speechmark). If using this publication, use Module 3 and the level C questions. | 1. Choose a scenario. 2. Let the child read the story. 3. Ask the child the questions verbally. 4. Focus on questions that require more working out and understanding of the context, e.g. 'What will happen if he...?' 'Why is it made of that?' 'If you were X, what would you say / do?' 'Why can't he?' (LfT level C questions). | Use some simpler questions to start with. If a child gives a short answer, prompt them to expand it. |
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