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Topic “TAP68”  

recall story details and retell them

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Storyteller

Stories the child is unfamiliar with. They can be extracts from reading books or made up.

Photocopy of the story (optional)

1. Explain to the child that they are going to tell a story. You are going to tell it first and then it will be their turn.

2. Tell the story. It should be about 150 - 200 words. Make sure that there is enough detail in the section you have chosen or in the story you have made up.

3. Have the child tell the story back to you, or to another child.

4. Look at the photocopy of the story together and highlight all the details the child remembered (optional).

You can have the child use a puppet when they are telling the story

Quiz

Story, description or explanation the child is unfamiliar with.

Photocopy of this (optional)

If the child is finding it very difficult, make your questions easier, so that the child finishes the activity with success. You can ask easier questions, give the child clues (e.g. multiple choice answers) or read part of the story / description / explanation again.

Messages

Story, description or explanation the child is unfamiliar with.

Photocopy of this (optional)

Pens and paper or whiteboards

If you can, try and put yourselves at different ends of the room so the second child cannot hear the message when you say it!

You could make the activity more interesting by setting the scene and sending the messages in character - e.g. shopping, an adventure story or something related to a literacy or history topic.

Comprehension Activities

Curriculum topic activities

use a strategy to remember spellings

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Visualisation

A4 paper

Thick marker pen

Paper and pencil or pen for pupil to use.

1. Ask the pupil to visualise (see inside their head) something familiar: e.g. their TV and what's on top of it, beside it, etc; or their kitchen.

2. Write words in large unjoined lower case letters in thick felt tip on A4 paper - maybe important bits in a different colour or larger.

3. Hold the word up in front of the pupil.

4. Discuss visual features (e.g. two o's looking out of the middle of the word school).

5. Pupil shuts eyes and tries to 'see' the word.

6. Ask 'What colour are the letters?' 'Change the colour' 'What's the first letter?' What's the last letter?' 'Put the letters inside a picture' etc.

7. If the pupil gets something wrong, ask him/her to have another good look.

8. The pupil writes the word down, and checks it is correct.

9. It may help visual recall if the pupil looks up towards his/her top left when trying to remember the word.

Phonics is especially important in spelling, but it is not enough. Pupils need to remember the spelling of specific words. Phonics will make some bits of any word easy to learn. When using the methods described here, focus especially on the bits which are difficult to remember.

Research has shown that if pupils establish their own best method, it helps them remember words better.

Some people find it easier to visualise with their eyes open. If your pupil prefers to do it this way, allow it.

If they can say the letters in reverse order, this is a good sign they are visualising the word.

Tracing

Paper - A4 size or larger

Thick felt tip

Pencil and extra paper to write on

Use the style of joined handwriting the pupil uses or is being taught.

When he/she is quite confident with tracing, you may want to ask the pupil to trace with eyes closed, and focus on the movement.

It is important the pupil checks at every stage - otherwise he/she may be learning a misspelling.

Spelling pronunciation

Pencil and paper, or whiteboard and dry-wipe pen

This is useful for irregular words, especially those containing 'silent' letters or vowel sounds that are not very clear.

It assumes the pupil has enough phonics to allow them to spell the word the way you have pronounced it. For instance, if you emphasise the "or" sound in motor, this will only help if they know that this sound is spelled with the letters o and r.

Examples of other spelling pronunciations are fry-end for friend, skissors for scissors,
k-nife for knife.

use mimes for common activities

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Pretend Dinners

Pictures of different foods

(e.g. ice-cream, grapes, apple, pizza, burger, crisps, coffee)

1. Talk about what miming is (i.e. pretending to do something without talking);

2. Show the children a mime of you pretending to eat an item of food;

3. Let the children take turns taking a picture and miming how they would eat it;

4. Let the other children in the group try to 'guess' what the food is.

Encourage the children to think about all the steps involved when miming (e.g. orange peel it, divide it into segments, eat it).

To make it more challenging remove the visual prompts so that the children have to identify what food to mime.

Let's Mime

Cards with different situations on them (e.g. walking the dog, digging a hole, putting on lipstick, washing your hair, playing the piano, flying a kite, roller skating, climbing a ladder, riding a horse, shaving, chopping wood)

"Let's Mime" cards can be purchased from 'Winslow'

(sales@winslow-cat.com) these have pictures,

or make your own by writing the description on a card.

Variation: 'Magic Bag' get the children to take turns holding the 'magic bag' (just use a paper bag) and they have to pretend to pull out an item and mime how they would use it while the other children have to guess what it is.

sequence steps in an activity or events in a story

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Do and review

A simple activity, e.g. paper folding

A framework to support the recall of the steps to do the activity (e.g. worksheet divided into boxes)

Pen

Prompt sheet for sequencing language (first, next, then, last, after, before, finally, etc)

1. Explain that you are going to do _____ (your activity), and then write down what you did so that someone else would know how to do it.

2. Show the children the framework, so they can be thinking about the steps in the activity.

3. Do the activity.

4. Have the children record what they did, in a sequence of steps. They could draw or write. Have the prompt sheet where they can see it, to remind them of key sequencing words.

You can make this simpler by having descriptions already written on squares of paper, and having the children put them in the right order.

You may also need to talk through what they have just done before they start recording it.

Possible activities to use include:

Paper folding, such as making aeroplanes or hats

Other craft activities

Cooking, e.g. making a cup of tea or making toast

Simple science experiments

News

A framework to support the recall of events (e.g. worksheet divided into boxes)

Pen

Prompt sheet for sequencing language (first, next, then, last, after, before, finally, etc)

You could also have them work in pairs and report each other's news.

Reporting on special events in school, e.g. school trips, is also a good opportunity to practise this skill.

Book review

A story that is short enough for the children to work with the whole story (i.e. a few paragraphs).

A framework to support the recall of events (e.g. worksheet divided into boxes)

Pen

Prompt sheet for sequencing language (first, next, then, last, after, before, finally, etc.)

To make this simpler, have the events of the story either written on sheets of paper, or relevant pictures copied.

Have the children take it in turns to put them in the right order. A framework may still be needed to support this.

communicate precise information to another person

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Barrier games

Paper, coloured pens, a barrier so that children can't see what each other is doing

.

  1. Each child has an identical picture, for example a picture of a house with a car outside and a couple of people. The children cannot see their partner's drawing.
  2. They take it in turns to tell the other child to colour something in, for example 'colour the windows red', 'colour the wheels brown' and so on. (The child needs to understand two key words for each of these instructions).
  3. After each instruction, compare the drawings to see if the description was understood.

Variations:

Children tell each other what to draw - for example 'draw a big red car', 'draw a monster on top of the roof'.

You can use two sets of identical miniatures, and use instructions like 'put the man on the block and put the bike next to him'.

Start with simpler pictures and move on to more complicated ones. Using pictures where there are several similar objects means that instructions need to be more precise:

E.g. a big blue square, a little blue square, a big blue star, a little blue star, and red versions of these shapes too means that all 3 details are needed.

'Where's Wally?'

'Where's Wally?' pictures, or something similar (a particular person or object hidden in a large detailed picture)

Photocopies of each picture you are going to use

You will need to help the first child find the target first!

What's wrong picture

Pictures of a situation with an absurdity in it, e.g. wearing a raincoat at the beach. (Colour Cards by LDA publish a set of these).

Paper

Coloured pens

Obstacle Course

Simple obstacle course

Blindfold

Change some parts of the obstacle course before each person has a turn, so that they have not memorised it.

This could be played as a team activity.

This can also be played using small world figures and miniature objects.

You could also do this activity without the blindfold - the guider is (secretly) given a point to guide the other child to. They then give instructions which can only contain directions (forward, left, right, backward, stop, number of steps).

relate pictures and text to the wider context

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Everyday situation with words and a picture

A picture of an everyday event, or social setting e.g. crossing the road, or going to the cinema.

A story to go with the picture (no more than 5 or 6 sentences).

Or

See the resource sheets in 'Language for Thinking' (LfT) by Parsons and Branagan (Published by Speechmark). If using this publication, use Module 3 and the level B questions).

1. Choose a scenario.

2. Let the child read the story.

3. Ask the child the questions verbally.

4. Focus on the questions where the child must use what they can see in the picture and also some wider context to answer the questions ("LfT level B questions"). E.g. 'What will happen next?' 'How did he...?' 'What is a ....?' 'How are these the same?

Use some simpler questions to start with.

If a child gives a short answer, prompt them to expand it.

If the child finds these questions easy, use some questions that require more working out and understanding of the context, e.g. 'What will happen if he...?' 'Why is it made of that?' 'If you were X, what would you say / do?' 'Why can't he?' ("LfT level C questions").

Listen plan and carry out instructions

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
Listen, Plan, Do, Review Sequence

Simple paper folding activity, e.g. paper plane, hat, box

Talk through the activity with the children, and how to fold the paper.

Demonstrate for them.

Support them to record the steps they need to take to do the activity themselves.

Let them fold their own models.

Review the steps they needed to do, and look at their finished models.

This is suitable for small group work.

To vary the activity, use different tasks, ensuring that you follow the Listen, Plan, Do, Review sequence.

Class based activities

For example: To listen to an explanation in class, e.g. of a science investigation, and to plan the steps they need to take to complete it.

Encourage the child to use strategies, e.g. making notes, counting steps on their fingers, checking with the demonstration if they are doing all the steps.

auditory recall of lists and sentences

Activity/strategy name and materials required How to do the activity Key principles for doing the activity and comments
I went to market

None

1. Have the children sit in a circle;

2. Introduce the game by giving a demonstration of how to play;

3. Go around the circle - each child says 'I went to market and bought...' each child has to recall the items the children before them have said and then add another item;

4. Talk about trying to help memory by repeating the information in their heads as they are waiting for their turn to recall the list.

Best if played with 4 - 8 children.

Encourage the children to repeat the list in their heads to help memory.

Encourage children to link words with the person that said them.

You can also change the types of items - e.g. I went to the pet shop, I went to toys R us, etc.

As the children improve, increase the number of items they need to remember.

Whispered Messages

None

As the children's skills improve, increase the length and complexity of the sentence (e.g. add in more challenging vocabulary or conjunctions to make the sentence longer).

Magpies

A range of interesting items or topic vocabulary items

OR

Pictures of topic items or items interesting to the children

Encourage the children to repeat the list in their heads to help memory.

Encourage children to link words with the person that said them or to look carefully at where the items are.

Start with 3 items on the list for the 'Magpie' and make the lists longer as the children succeed.

Judge's Decision

Puppet

Instructions the puppet can do, written out on cards

OR

Whiteboard and pen

Judge's card with 'great' on one side and 'almost' on the other.

You could let the children take turns giving instructions if they are able to give clear instructions.

Slowly increase the length of instructions.

Instruction Recall

None

This can be done in any situation.

Let the child know that you will ask them to do this - it does not mean they are in trouble!

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